Quote from within:
Too bad the kids in charter schools don’t learn any better than those in plain-vanilla public schools. Stanford University
crunched test data from 26 states. About a quarter of charters
delivered better reading scores, but more than half produced no
improvement, and 19% had worse results. In math, 29% of the charters
delivered better math scores, while 40% showed no difference, and 31%
fared worse.
-Angela
On Thursday, July 25, dozens of bankers, hedge fund types and private
equity investors gathered in New York to hear about the latest and
greatest opportunities to collect a cut of your property taxes. Of
course, the promotional material for the Capital Roundtable’s conference
on “private equity investing in for-profit education companies” didn’t
put it in such crass terms, but that’s what’s going on.
(Getty Images via @daylife)
Charter schools are booming. “There are now more than 6,000 in the
United States, up from 2,500 a decade ago, educating a record 2.3
million children,” according to Reuters.
Charters have a limited admissions policy, and the applications can
be as complex as those at private schools. But the parents don’t pay
tuition; support comes directly from the school district in which the
charter is located. They’re also lucrative, attracting players like
the specialty real estate investment trust
EPR Properties EPR -1.02% (EPR). Charter schools are in the firm’s $3 billion portfolio along with retail space and movie megaplexes.
Charter schools are frequently a way for politicians to reward their
cronies. In Ohio, two firms operate 9% of the state’s charter schools
and are collecting 38% of the state’s charter school funding increase
this year. The operators of both firms donate generously to elected
Republicans
The Arizona Republic found that charters “bought a variety
of goods and services from the companies of board members or
administrators, including textbooks, air conditioning repairs and
transportation services.” Most charters were exempt from a requirement
to seek competitive bids on contracts over $5,000
In Florida, the for-profit school industry flooded legislative
candidates with $1.8 million in donations last year. “Most of the
money,” reports
The Miami Herald, “went to Republicans, whose
support of charter schools, vouchers, online education and private
colleges has put public education dollars in private-sector pockets.”
Among the big donors: the private equity firm
Apollo Group APOL -0.7%,
the outfit behind the for-profit University of Phoenix, which has
experimented with online high schools. Apollo dropped $95,000 on Florida
candidates and committees.
Lest you get the idea charter schools are a “Republican” thing,
they’re also favored by big-city Democrats. This summer, 23 public
schools closed for good in Philadelphia — about 10% of the total — to be
replaced by charters. Charters have a history in
Washington, D.C., going back to 1996.
And they were favored by Arne Duncan when he ran Chicago Public
Schools. Today, he’s the U.S. secretary of education. In 2009, Duncan
rolled out the Obama administration’s “Race to the Top” initiative,
doling out $4.4 billion in federal money to the states — but only to
those states that lifted their caps on the number of charter schools.
Too bad the kids in charter schools don’t learn any better than those in plain-vanilla public schools.
Stanford University
crunched test data from 26 states. About a quarter of charters
delivered better reading scores, but more than half produced no
improvement, and 19% had worse results. In math, 29% of the charters
delivered better math scores, while 40% showed no difference, and 31%
fared worse.
Unimpressive, especially when you consider charter schools can pick
and choose their students — weeding out autistic kids, for example, or
those whose first language isn’t English. Charter schools in the
District of Columbia are expelling students for discipline problems at
28 times the rate of the district’s traditional public schools — where
those “problem kids” are destined to return.
Nor does the evidence show that charters spend taxpayers’ money more efficiently. Researchers from Michigan State and the
University of Utah studied charters in Michigan, finding they spent $774 more per student on administration, and $1,140 less on instruction.
About the only thing charters do well is limit the influence of teachers’ unions. And fatten their investors’ portfolios.
In part, it’s the tax code that makes charter schools so lucrative:
Under the federal “New Markets Tax Credit” program that became law
toward the end of the Clinton presidency, firms that invest in charters
and other projects located in “underserved” areas can collect a generous
tax credit — up to 39% — to offset their costs.
So attractive is the math, according to a 2010 article by Juan Gonzalez in the
New York Daily News, “that a lender who uses it can almost double his money in seven years.”
It’s not only wealthy Americans making a killing on charter schools.
So are foreigners, under a program critics call “green card via red
carpet.”
“Wealthy individuals from as far away as China, Nigeria, Russia and
Australia are spending tens of millions of dollars to build classrooms,
libraries, basketball courts and science labs for American charter
schools,” says a 2012 Reuters report.
The formal name of the program is EB-5, and it’s not only for charter
schools. Foreigners who pony up $1 million in a wide variety of
development projects — or as little as $500,000 in “targeted employment
areas” — are entitled to buy immigration visas for themselves and family
members.
“In the past two decades,” Reuters reports, “much of the investment
has gone into commercial real estate projects, like luxury hotels, ski
resorts and even gas stations. Lately, however, enterprising brokers
have seen a golden opportunity to match cash-starved charter schools
with cash-flush foreigners in investment deals that benefit both.”
So how can you, as a retail investor, grab a piece of this? How can
you reclaim some of your property tax dollars from the fat cats?
As with many other instances of “extraction”… good luck.
Sure, you could buy shares of the aforementioned EPR Properties.
Unfortunately, you’re buying strip malls and ski parks along with
charter schools. It’s not a “pure play.”
The history of publicly traded charter school firms is limited and
ugly. Edison Schools traded publicly from 1999-2003. During that period,
it reported one profitable quarter. Shares reached nearly $40 in early
2001… only to crash to 14 cents.
“There’s a risk to taking education to Wall Street,” says
Education Week
— “one that helps explain why so few publicly traded companies cater to
the educational needs of students in elementary, middle and high
school.”
That risk is spotlighted by the only pure play currently trading on a
U.S. exchange. In December 2007, just as the “Great Recession” got
underway, K12 Inc. went public under the ticker symbol LRN.
It has proven, at best, a trading vehicle.
K12 Inc.
Share prices hit nearly a four-year low in December 2012 when
The New York Times
published an expose on a K12 online charter school venture. Nearly 60%
of its students are below grade level in math, and 50% in reading.
One-third don’t graduate on schedule.
The story also revealed CEO Ronald Packard collected a salary in 2011
— $5 million — nearly double that of the previous year. And that his
bonus is linked not to student performance, but to enrollment.
It’s a lot easier to escape this sort of scrutiny if your charter
school venture is privately held — or, in the case of EPR, mixed in with
other ventures that have nothing to do with education.
Well, I tried.
“I spend a great deal of time, money and resources looking for new
investment ideas that you, dear reader, can act on independently,” I
wrote in my
Apogee Advisory, early in 2012… “Sometimes what I find instead is outrage.”
For now, the big money in charter schools is confined to those on the
inside. In late 2010, Goldman Sachs announced it would lend $25
million to develop 16 charter schools in New York and New Jersey. The
news release said the loans would be “credit-enhanced by funds awarded
by the U.S. Department of Education.” Of course.
